Calculate a robust standard deviation using the median absolute deviation (MAD).
The standard deviation estimator is given by:
where is the normal inverse cumulative distribution function evaluated at probability .
Parameters: | data : array-like
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Returns: | result : float
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Examples
>>> from astropy.stats import mad_std
>>> from astropy.utils import NumpyRNGContext
>>> from numpy.random import normal
>>> with NumpyRNGContext(12345):
... data = normal(5, 2, size=(100, 100))
... mad_std(data)
2.02327646594